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- <text id=90TT0699>
- <title>
- Mar. 19, 1990: Getting Out And Mixing It Up
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Mar. 19, 1990 The Right To Die
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- DESIGN, Page 78
- Getting Out and Mixing It Up in the Rialto
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>A rich show traces a century and a half of American graphics,
- including back-to-the-future revelations
- </p>
- <p>By Kurt Anderson
- </p>
- <p> Not many decades ago, most newspapers and magazines and
- packages and signs looked the way they looked more or less
- serendipitously. They were the result of a proprietor's quirky,
- untutored taste, or a printer's feeling that Garamond was a
- classy typeface, or a general notion that things had always
- been done that way. Today practically everything is designed.
- Record-album covers and annual reports and dog-food labels are
- self-consciously wrought and overwrought, fussed with endlessly
- to get the connotations just right. This very page, with its
- six typefaces in ten sizes and thin horizontal and vertical
- rules and several photographs, did not come about by accident
- but as a calculated compromise among the competing demands of
- marketing, expediency, tradition and art.
- </p>
- <p> Because graphic design does not pursue a purely (or even
- primarily) aesthetic agenda, no large-scale American museum
- show was ever devoted to the field until last December. Then
- the American Institute of Graphic Arts and the Walker Art
- Center in Minneapolis mounted "Graphic Design in America: A
- Visual Language History." The rich, exhaustive exhibit--consisting of some 1,200 mass-produced messages on paper and
- tin and plastic generated between 1829 and 1990--has now been
- shipped to New York City, where it is on view at the IBM
- Gallery of Science and Art through April 7.
- </p>
- <p> As in almost any survey of 20th century culture, World War
- II is a watershed: now, at the century's end, American graphic
- designers seem inordinately inspired by elegiac European
- modernists of the years before the war (early Soviets, Man Ray,
- Dadaists) and by the tantalizing, electric strangeness of
- postwar Japan. As in architecture, the revival of old styles
- creates some time-warp curiosities. In one of the display
- cases, designer Carin Goldberg's faux-1930s book jacket for a
- 1988 edition of Camus sits near books actually from the era--and the new piece seems more evocative of the bygone era than
- the real things.
- </p>
- <p> But the show's most thrilling back-to-the-future revelations
- are the posters and advertisements and magazine layouts from
- the '30s, '40s and '50s that look contemporary. Lester Beall's
- Depression-era posters for the Rural Electrification
- Administration are spare and abstract and unsentimental, the
- perfect brainy New Deal agitprop. Herbert Bayer's virtuoso,
- typography-driven ads for the Container Corp. of America from
- the '50s and '60s look like avant-garde work from the late
- '80s.
- </p>
- <p> Of the scores of designers represented in the show, none has
- been able to feed the voracious contemporary appetite for
- information faster and better than Richard Saul Wurman. His
- paperback Access Guides--to 13 different cities (1981-89) as
- well as baseball (1984) and Wall Street (1989)--brim to
- overflowing with a sense of fun and curiosity about the world,
- intermingling maps, drawings, data and a quirky sensibility.
- </p>
- <p> At its best, "Graphic Design in America" is like a dense,
- compelling Wurman guide, suggesting half-conscious connections
- between then and now, Europe and America, TV and print. Within
- a few minutes a visitor can see an 1864 American-flag campaign
- broadside, collections of Coke bottles through the years (the
- original was designed by Alexander Samuelson in 1915), a little
- bag that Frank Lloyd Wright designed for a San Francisco
- glass-and-china shop in 1942, the sweetly all-American Ritz
- cracker box, the computer-animated opening credits to the 1978
- Superman movie and six pages from USA Today.
- </p>
- <p> There is little self-conscious artiness on display. The
- exhibits mainly exemplify rare, happy confluences of art and
- commerce, from Deborah Sussman's chair advertisement for the
- Herman Miller company to Times Square's unplanned riot of
- electric signs. Graphic design is a populist art, this show
- declares. It derives its energy and value not from precious
- drawing-board perfection but from getting out and mixing it up
- in the rialto.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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